Edema is the result of an imbalance in the filtration system between the capillary and interstitial spaces.
The kidneys play a key role in regulating extracellular fluid volume by adjusting sodium and water excretion.
Major causes of edema include venous obstruction, increased capillary permeability, and increased plasma volume secondary to sodium and water retention.
A systematic approach is warranted to determine the underlying diagnosis. Treatment includes sodium restriction, diuretic use, and appropriate management of the underlying disorder.
